Rivals in Creation Myths: God’s Free Daughter Lilith, Sinful Eve, and Ehl-i Beyt Lineage Güruh-ı Naci

Abstract

With the transition from chaos, the first sign of disorder, to the cosmos, human beings started to search for the "why", "how" and "result" of the creation of the universe and were able to find the answers to their questions within their own ecological worldview. In this period, which is characterized as the age of myth, creation narratives have a function that supports the orientation process of communities regarding life. When it comes to the relationship between the sexes, the results work against women. In the creation narratives, Lilith's war against Adam is nothing but a quest for equality, but it is Lilith herself who pays the price. A similar situation is depicted in the story of the expulsion from paradise with Eve being the one who deceives Adam. The myth of Güruh-ı Naci, which has an important place in Alevi collective memory, also erases Eve's influence in emphasizing the exclusivity of the Ehl-i Beyt lineage in relation to creation. The tradition of placing women at the center of evil in creation myths and keeping men away from this chaos has been the lever of prejudices against women in contemporary times and has had consequences that can be considered as the fault of civilization. The rival side against women has been chosen from women, and the "good-bad" war, in which one is favored over the other, has been waged by same-sex rivals. In this study, the causes and consequences of the ritual abuse of women in creation myths will be brought to the fore. In this context, the narratives of Lilith and Eve's struggle with patriarchal authority, which are important myths of the western corpus, and Alevism's struggle to establish a clean lineage with Güruh-ı Naci will be analyzed and the construction of gender in cultural memory will be discussed.

Keywords

• Türk Halk Bilimi (Diğer)

Files

Only the metadata of this record is published.

References

1. Adasal, R. (1975). Normal ve anormal cinsiyet ve evlilik. Gürsoy Basımevi.
2. Alpay, T. (1995). Yaşamın öteki yarısı: Olgunluktan menopoza. Doğan Yayın Holding A.Ş.
3. Anderson, B. (1995). Hayali cemaatler - milliyetçiliğin kökenleri ve yayılması. Metis Yayınları.
4. Avcı, N. (2023). Nimet Okan. Canların cinsiyeti: Alevilik ve kadın. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 64(2), 835-846.
5. Azar, B. (2019). Ulu Ana’dan Albastıya değişim/dönüşüm sürecinde: Umay. Külliyat Osmanlı Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7, 1-7.
6. Balzer, M. M. (2017). Toplumsal cinsiyet ritüelleri: Sibiryalı Hantilerin etnik köken, statü ve inanç göstergeleri (K. Yılmaz, Çev.). M. A. Yolcu (Yay. haz.), Kadın folkloru içinde (ss. 211-249). Kömen Yayınları.
7. Bayat, F. (2007). Türk mitolojik sistemi I. Ötüken Neşriyat.
8. Bahadır, İ. (2004). Alevi-Bektaşi inancına göre kadın. Türk Kültürü ve Hacı Bektaş Veli Araştırmaları Dergisi , 32, 13-28.
9. Bernstein, M. (1993). The “fatal attraction” of Lilith. Christianity & Literature, 42(3), 455-464. https://doi.org/10.1177/014833319304200309
10. Bora, A. (2005). Kadınların sınıfı – Ücretli ev emeği ve kadın öznelliğinin inşası. İletişim Yayınları.
11. Briffault, R. (1990). Analar (Ş. Yeğin, Çev.). Payel Yayınevi.
12. Campbell, J. (2019). İlkel mitoloji: Tanrının maskeleri I (K. Emiroğlu, Çev.). Islık Yayınları.
13. Çobanoğlu, Ö. (2001). Türk mitolojisi. S. Tural ve G. Tural (Yay. haz.), Türk Dünyası edebiyat tarihi Cilt 1 içinde. AYK Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Yayınları.
14. De Beauvoir, S. (1974). Kadın I- Genç kızlık çağı (B. Onaran, Çev.). Panel Yayınevi.
15. Dekker, S W. A. (2007). Eve and the serpent: A rational choice to Err. Journal of Religion and Health, 46(4), 571- 579. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-007-9118-1
16. Delaney, C. (2018). Tohum ve toprak (S. Somuncuoğlu ve A. Bora, Çev.). İletişim Yayınları.
17. Eliade, M. (2019). Kutsal ve din – dışı (A. Berktay, Çev.). Alfa Yayıncılık.
18. Hoffeld, J. M. (1968). Adam’s two wives. The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, 26(10), 430-440.
19. Holland, J. (2016). Mizojini-Dünyanın en eski ön yargısı (E. Okyay, Çev.). İmge Kitabevi.
20. Horney, K. (2017). Kadın psikolojisi (S. Budak, Çev.). Totem Yayınları.
21. İbrayev, Ş. (1998). Destanın yapısı (A. A. Çınar, Çev.). Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Başkanlığı Yayınları.
22. Kalafat, Y. (2009). Kodlar – kültler I. Berikan Yayınevi.
23. Koç, A. (2015). Güruh-ı Naci’nin saçlı bacıları: Alevi-Bektaşi inanç sisteminde kadın olmak. Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(12), 126-145.
24. Lawless, E. J. (2003). Woman as abject: Resisting cultural and religious myths that condone violence against women. Western Folklore, 62(4), 237-269. https://doi.org/10.2307/1500319
25. Mélikoff, I. (1993). Uyur idik uyardılar (T. Alptekin, Çev.). Cem Yayınevi.
26. Millett, K. (1973). Cinsel politika (S. Selvi, Çev.). Payel Yayınevi.
27. Okan, N. (2018). Canların cinsiyeti Alevilik ve kadın. İletişim Yayınları.
28. Ong, W. J. (2012). Sözlü ve yazılı kültür sözün teknolojileşmesi (S. Postacıoğlu Banon, Çev.). Metis Yayıncılık.
29. Patai, R. (1964). Lilith. The Journal of American Folklore, 77(306), 295-314. https://doi.org/10.2307/537379
30. Pelizzon, S. M. (2020). Kadının konumu nasıl değişti? (İ. E. Sadi ve C. Somel, Çev.). İmge Kitabevi.
31. Reed, E. (1982). Kadının evrimi I (Ş. Yeğin, Çev.). Payel Yayınları,
32. Reuben, D. (1971). Cinsellik konusunda bilmek istediğiniz her şey - Ama sormaya utandığınız (H. Karan, Çev.). Artel Yayınları.
33. Tannahill, R. (2003). Tarihte cinsellik (S. Gül, Çev.). Dost Yayınevi,
34. Tseëlon, E. (2002). Kadınlık maskesi (R. Kekeç, Çev.). Ekin Yayınları.
35. Yıldırım, R. (2018). Geleneksel Alevilik. İletişim Yayıncılık.
36. Zingsem, V. (2005). Lilith (D. D. Yüzer, Çev.). İlya Yayınevi.

Cite this publication

@article{avci2022rivals,
  author = {Avc{\i}, Neslihan},
  title = {{Rivals in Creation Myths: God's Free Daughter Lilith, Sinful Eve, and Ehl-i Beyt Lineage G{\"u}ruh-{\i} Naci}},
  journal = {Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Letters},
  volume = {41},
  number = {1},
  pages = {262--273},
  publisher = {Hacettepe {\"U}niversitesi},
  year = {2022},
  issn = {1301-5737},
  doi = {10.32600/huefd.1334698},
  url = {https://hacettepe.hbtech.com.tr/en/publication/yaratilis-mitlerinde-rakibeler-tanrinin-ozgur-kizi-lilith-gunahkar-havva-ve-ehl-i-beyt-soyu-guruh-i-naci},
  language = {tr},
  keywords = {T{\"u}rk Halk Bilimi (Di{\u{g}}er)},
  abstract = {With the transition from chaos, the first sign of disorder, to the cosmos, human beings started to search for the "why", "how" and "result" of the creation of the universe and were able to find the answers to their questions within their own ecological worldview. In this period, which is characterized as the age of myth, creation narratives have a function that supports the orientation process of communities regarding life. When it comes to the relationship between the sexes, the results work against women. In the creation narratives, Lilith's war against Adam is nothing but a quest for equality, but it is Lilith herself who pays the price. A similar situation is depicted in the story of the expulsion from paradise with Eve being the one who deceives Adam. The myth of G{\"u}ruh-{\i} Naci, which has an important place in Alevi collective memory, also erases Eve's influence in emphasizing the exclusivity of the Ehl-i Beyt lineage in relation to creation. The tradition of placing women at the center of evil in creation myths and keeping men away from this chaos has been the lever of prejudices against women in contemporary times and has had consequences that can be considered as the fault of civilization. The rival side against women has been chosen from women, and the "good-bad" war, in which one is favored over the other, has been waged by same-sex rivals. In this study, the causes and consequences of the ritual abuse of women in creation myths will be brought to the fore. In this context, the narratives of Lilith and Eve's struggle with patriarchal authority, which are important myths of the western corpus, and Alevism's struggle to establish a clean lineage with G{\"u}ruh-{\i} Naci will be analyzed and the construction of gender in cultural memory will be discussed.}
}

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Avcı, Neslihan
TI  - Rivals in Creation Myths: God’s Free Daughter Lilith, Sinful Eve, and Ehl-i Beyt Lineage Güruh-ı Naci
T2  - Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Letters
VL  - 41
IS  - 1
PY  - 2022
SP  - 262
EP  - 273
PB  - Hacettepe Üniversitesi
SN  - 1301-5737
DO  - 10.32600/huefd.1334698
UR  - https://hacettepe.hbtech.com.tr/en/publication/yaratilis-mitlerinde-rakibeler-tanrinin-ozgur-kizi-lilith-gunahkar-havva-ve-ehl-i-beyt-soyu-guruh-i-naci
AB  - With the transition from chaos, the first sign of disorder, to the cosmos, human beings started to search for the "why", "how" and "result" of the creation of the universe and were able to find the answers to their questions within their own ecological worldview. In this period, which is characterized as the age of myth, creation narratives have a function that supports the orientation process of communities regarding life. When it comes to the relationship between the sexes, the results work against women. In the creation narratives, Lilith's war against Adam is nothing but a quest for equality, but it is Lilith herself who pays the price. A similar situation is depicted in the story of the expulsion from paradise with Eve being the one who deceives Adam. The myth of Güruh-ı Naci, which has an important place in Alevi collective memory, also erases Eve's influence in emphasizing the exclusivity of the Ehl-i Beyt lineage in relation to creation. The tradition of placing women at the center of evil in creation myths and keeping men away from this chaos has been the lever of prejudices against women in contemporary times and has had consequences that can be considered as the fault of civilization. The rival side against women has been chosen from women, and the "good-bad" war, in which one is favored over the other, has been waged by same-sex rivals. In this study, the causes and consequences of the ritual abuse of women in creation myths will be brought to the fore. In this context, the narratives of Lilith and Eve's struggle with patriarchal authority, which are important myths of the western corpus, and Alevism's struggle to establish a clean lineage with Güruh-ı Naci will be analyzed and the construction of gender in cultural memory will be discussed.
KW  - Türk Halk Bilimi (Diğer)
LA  - tr
ER  -