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Article

Ibn Haldun: Introduction to the Philosophy of History

Title and abstract are a translation · original language: Turkish

  1. HACETTEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Letters, Volume 0, Issue Advanced Online (2025) pp. 519–534

  • 2025
  • Turkish
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Abstract

The most significant factors that determine the 14th-century historian and Islamic philosopher Ibn Khaldun's distinctive intellectual climate are his upbringing in the Aristotelian Ibn Rushd philosophical tradition under the tutelage of Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ghazali, and especially Abili before him; his study of important Islamic historians such as Masudi, Waqidi, Tabari, and Amili and his mastery of the Quran, Hadith, and Fiqh. Ibn Khaldun's education and findings in these religious and philosophical sciences formed the background of all his works, especially his historical thought. Ibn Khaldun stated that he was primarily a historian and that he wrote his main work, al-Ibar, as a kind of world history; in this regard, he made important statements about history at the beginning of his Muqaddimah, which is the introduction to al-Ibar. This study aims to analyze the ideal Ibn Khaldun presented regarding history at the beginning of his Muqaddimah within the context of an introduction to the philosophy of history. Drawing on the historians of his time, Ibn Khaldun introduced innovations to the practice of historiography and viewed historical events not merely as a sequence of occurrences within a specific time frame, but as complex processes that develop and evolve in accordance with the social and cultural structures of human communities. The main question of the study is to reveal the effects of Ibn Khaldun's understanding of history on historiography and historical method and to reveal how it is interpreted in terms of establishing the foundations of the philosophy of history. The study adopts a qualitative approach supported by excerpts from the Muqaddimah. The findings show that Ibn Khaldun made an introduction to the philosophy of history by presenting an understanding that criticizes his period and develops scientific methods to understand and explain historical events. In conclusion, this study aims to shed light on Ibn Khaldun’s enduring influence on the fields of history and the social sciences by highlighting his impact on modern historiography, the importance he placed on history, and the significance of this in his philosophy.

Abstract (Turkish)

İbn Haldun: Tarih Felsefesine Giriş

14. yüzyıl tarihçi ve İslam filozofu İbn Haldun’un kendisinden önceki Farabi, İbn Sina, Gazali ve özellikle Abili’nin hocalığında Aristotelesçi İbn Rüşd felasife geleneği ile yetişmesi; Mesudi, Vakıdi, Taberi, Amili gibi önemli İslam tarihçilerini incelemesi ve bunların yanında Kuran, hadis ve fıkıh ilmine hâkim olması onun farklı bir düşünce iklimine sahip olmasının en belirleyici unsurlarıdır. İbn Haldun’un dini ve felsefi bilimlerdeki eğitimi ve ortaya koydukları onun tüm çalışmalarının özellikle de tarih düşüncesinin arka planını oluşturmuştur. İbn Haldun öncelikle kendisinin bir tarihçi olduğunu ve temel eseri olan el-İber'i bir çeşit dünya tarihi olarak kaleme aldığını ifade etmiş; bununla ilgili olarak da el-İber eserinin girişi olan Mukaddime’nin başında tarihle ilgili önemli açıklamalarda bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada yapılmak istenen, İbn Haldun’un Mukaddime eserinin başında tarih hakkında ortaya koyduğu düşüncelerini tarih felsefesine giriş bağlamında analiz etmektir. İbn Haldun döneminin tarihçilerinden hareketle tarih yazımına getirdiği yeniliklerle ve tarihsel olayları sadece bir zaman diliminde meydana gelen bir olaylar dizisi değil, aynı zamanda insan topluluklarının sosyal ve kültürel yapılarına bağlı olarak gelişen, değişen karmaşık süreçler olarak görmüştür. Çalışmanın temel sorusu, İbn Haldun’un tarih anlayışının, tarih yazımı ve tarih yöntemi üzerindeki etkilerini açığa çıkartıp, tarih felsefesinin temellerini kurması bakımından nasıl yorumlandığını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma, Mukaddime eserinden alıntılarla desteklenen nitel bir yaklaşımı benimsemektedir. Veriler, metin analizi yoluyla incelenerek, İbn Haldun’un tarih görüşünü nasıl ortaya koyduğunu açıklamaktadır. Bulgular, İbn Haldun’un tarihsel olayları anlamak ve açıklamak için dönemini eleştiren ve bilimsel yöntemler geliştiren bir anlayış sunarak tarih felsefesine bir giriş yaptığını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada İbn Haldun’un modern tarih yazımındaki etkileri, tarihe verdiği önem ve bunun felsefesinde taşıdığı anlam vurgulanarak tarih bilimi ve sosyal bilimlerdeki kalıcı etkisinin aydınlatılması hedeflenmektedir.

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References

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Cite this publication

APA 7

Doğanay, V. (2025). Ibn Haldun: Introduction to the Philosophy of History. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Letters, 0(Advanced Online), 519–534. https://hacettepe.hbtech.com.tr/en/publication/ibn-haldun-tarih-felsefesine-giris

BibTeX

@article{doganay2025ibn,
  author = {Do{\u{g}}anay, Vildan},
  title = {{Ibn Haldun: Introduction to the Philosophy of History}},
  journal = {Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Letters},
  volume = {0},
  number = {Advanced Online},
  pages = {519--534},
  publisher = {Hacettepe {\"U}niversitesi},
  year = {2025},
  month = {9},
  issn = {1301-5737},
  url = {https://hacettepe.hbtech.com.tr/en/publication/ibn-haldun-tarih-felsefesine-giris},
  language = {tr},
  keywords = {Historical Studies (Other)},
  abstract = {The most significant factors that determine the 14th-century historian and Islamic philosopher Ibn Khaldun's distinctive intellectual climate are his upbringing in the Aristotelian Ibn Rushd philosophical tradition under the tutelage of Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ghazali, and especially Abili before him; his study of important Islamic historians such as Masudi, Waqidi, Tabari, and Amili and his mastery of the Quran, Hadith, and Fiqh. Ibn Khaldun's education and findings in these religious and philosophical sciences formed the background of all his works, especially his historical thought. Ibn Khaldun stated that he was primarily a historian and that he wrote his main work, al-Ibar, as a kind of world history; in this regard, he made important statements about history at the beginning of his Muqaddimah, which is the introduction to al-Ibar. This study aims to analyze the ideal Ibn Khaldun presented regarding history at the beginning of his Muqaddimah within the context of an introduction to the philosophy of history. Drawing on the historians of his time, Ibn Khaldun introduced innovations to the practice of historiography and viewed historical events not merely as a sequence of occurrences within a specific time frame, but as complex processes that develop and evolve in accordance with the social and cultural structures of human communities. The main question of the study is to reveal the effects of Ibn Khaldun's understanding of history on historiography and historical method and to reveal how it is interpreted in terms of establishing the foundations of the philosophy of history. The study adopts a qualitative approach supported by excerpts from the Muqaddimah. The findings show that Ibn Khaldun made an introduction to the philosophy of history by presenting an understanding that criticizes his period and develops scientific methods to understand and explain historical events. In conclusion, this study aims to shed light on Ibn Khaldun's enduring influence on the fields of history and the social sciences by highlighting his impact on modern historiography, the importance he placed on history, and the significance of this in his philosophy.},
  affiliation = {HACETTEPE {\"U}N{\.I}VERS{\.I}TES{\.I}}
}
.bib

RIS

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Doğanay, Vildan
TI  - Ibn Haldun: Introduction to the Philosophy of History
T2  - Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Letters
VL  - 0
IS  - Advanced Online
PY  - 2025
DA  - 2025/09/11/
SP  - 519
EP  - 534
PB  - Hacettepe Üniversitesi
SN  - 1301-5737
UR  - https://hacettepe.hbtech.com.tr/en/publication/ibn-haldun-tarih-felsefesine-giris
AB  - The most significant factors that determine the 14th-century historian and Islamic philosopher Ibn Khaldun's distinctive intellectual climate are his upbringing in the Aristotelian Ibn Rushd philosophical tradition under the tutelage of Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ghazali, and especially Abili before him; his study of important Islamic historians such as Masudi, Waqidi, Tabari, and Amili and his mastery of the Quran, Hadith, and Fiqh. Ibn Khaldun's education and findings in these religious and philosophical sciences formed the background of all his works, especially his historical thought. Ibn Khaldun stated that he was primarily a historian and that he wrote his main work, al-Ibar, as a kind of world history; in this regard, he made important statements about history at the beginning of his Muqaddimah, which is the introduction to al-Ibar. This study aims to analyze the ideal Ibn Khaldun presented regarding history at the beginning of his Muqaddimah within the context of an introduction to the philosophy of history. Drawing on the historians of his time, Ibn Khaldun introduced innovations to the practice of historiography and viewed historical events not merely as a sequence of occurrences within a specific time frame, but as complex processes that develop and evolve in accordance with the social and cultural structures of human communities. The main question of the study is to reveal the effects of Ibn Khaldun's understanding of history on historiography and historical method and to reveal how it is interpreted in terms of establishing the foundations of the philosophy of history. The study adopts a qualitative approach supported by excerpts from the Muqaddimah. The findings show that Ibn Khaldun made an introduction to the philosophy of history by presenting an understanding that criticizes his period and develops scientific methods to understand and explain historical events. In conclusion, this study aims to shed light on Ibn Khaldun’s enduring influence on the fields of history and the social sciences by highlighting his impact on modern historiography, the importance he placed on history, and the significance of this in his philosophy.
KW  - Historical Studies (Other)
LA  - tr
AD  - HACETTEPE ÜNİVERSİTESİ
ER  -
.ris