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Article

From Freedom of Will to Freedom of Action: Freedom According to Kant

Title and abstract are a translation · original language: Turkish

  1. KIRKLARELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Letters, Volume 35, Issue 1 (2017) pp. 20–32

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Abstract

The concept of freedom is an important concept imprinted on Kant's practical philosophy. Kant, a philosopher who is passionate about freedom, stipulated freedom as the dominant idea of human species and history, stating that the progress of a society depends on the extent to which freedom in that society has spread and developed. Kant improved his views on this concept by taking freedom as a measure for both his ethical and political views. Kant has placed freedom on the basis of the fields of both ethics and law while classifying the metaphysics of ethics as ethics and law. The concept of freedom in Kant's philosophy has made progress from his moral philosophy towards legal and political philosophy. Kant tried to elucidate how freedom occurs in both ethics and legal fields by considering freedom in relation to the will in the ethical concept and to our actions in the legal field. Kant, who considers freedom in the field of ethics in an internal sense, has devised and based his view of ethical freedom in the context of moral law. Moral law is a law without any exterior force and compulsion, which is made by the individual’s own mind, and the individual determining his/her wishes according to this law creates the individual’s inner freedom. When it comes to the field of law, freedom is not related to the inner self, but to the behaviour that affects others, that is to say, the external and legal dimension of the actions of the person, and the legal field always comes with an external force. External freedom has to rely on a certain level of coercion, while inner freedom does not have any external constraints. This study, aims at revealing the clarity of Kant’s two types of views of freedom and their relation to each other.

Abstract (Turkish)

İsteme Özgürlüğünden Eylem Özgürlüğüne: Kant’ın Özgürlük Görüşü

Özgürlük kavramı, Kant’ın pratik felsefesine damga vurmuş önemli bir kavramdır. Özgürlük kavramınabüyük önem veren Kant, bir toplumunilerlemesinin o toplumdaki özgürlüğün ne ölçüde yayılıp geliştiğine bağlı olduğunubelirterek özgürlüğü insan türününve tarihinin başat idesi olarakbelirlemiştir. Kant gerek etik gerekse politik görüşlerinde, özgürlüğü kendisine ölçü olarak alarak görüşlerini bu kavram çerçevesinde geliştirmiştir. Kant ahlak metafiziğini etik ve hukuk olarak ikiye ayırırkenhem etik hem de hukuk alanındaözgürlüğü temele yerleştirmiştir. Kant’ın felsefesinde özgürlük kavramı, onun ahlak felsefesinden hukuk ve politik felsefesine doğru bir gelişim göstermiştir. Özgürlüğü ahlaksal bağlamda isteme ile ilgisinde, hukuksalalanda ise eylemlerimizle ilgisinde ele Kant, özgürlüğünher iki alanda da nasıl gerçekleştiğini aydınlatmaya çalışmıştır. Ahlakalanında özgürlüğü içsel anlamda elealan Kant, ahlaki özgürlük görüşünüahlak yasası bağlamındaele alıp temellendirmiştir. Ahlak yasası dışarıdanbir zor ve dayatmaolmaksızın kişininkendi aklının koyduğu bir yasadır vekişinin istemelerini bu yasayagöre belirlemesi kişininiçsel özgürlüğünü oluşturmaktadır. Hukuk alanına gelindiğinde ise özgürlük içsel alanla ilgili olmayıp kişinin başkalarını etkileyen davranışlarıyla, yani kişinineylemlerinin dışsal ve hukuksal boyutuyla ilgilidir ve hukuksalalan her zaman bir dışsal zorlamayıda beraberinde getirir.İçsel özgürlük dışsal hiçbir zorlamayıbarındırmazken, dışsal özgürlükise belli bir düzeyde zorlamayadayanmak zorundadır. Bu çalışmada, Kant’ın bahsettiğibu iki tür özgürlükgörüşünün neliğinive bunların birbiriyle ilgisini ortayakoymak amaçlanmaktadır.

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References

  1. Akarsu, B. (1982). Ahlak öğretileri. İstanbul: Remzi Kitapevi.
  2. Akarsu, B. (2006). Kant’ta insanlık ideali ve özgürlük sorunu. N. Reyhani (Ed.). Muğla Üniversitesi Uluslararası Kant Sempozyumu Bildirileri içinde (s. 304-310). Ankara: Vadi Yayıncılık.
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Cite this publication

APA 7

Çetinkıran Balcı, E. (2017). From Freedom of Will to Freedom of Action: Freedom According to Kant. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Letters, 35(1), 20–32. https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.434145

BibTeX

@article{cetinkiranbalci2017from,
  author = {{\c{C}}etink{\i}ran Balc{\i}, Elif},
  title = {{From Freedom of Will to Freedom of Action: Freedom According to Kant}},
  journal = {Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Letters},
  volume = {35},
  number = {1},
  pages = {20--32},
  publisher = {Hacettepe {\"U}niversitesi},
  year = {2017},
  month = {6},
  issn = {1301-5737},
  doi = {10.32600/huefd.434145},
  url = {https://hacettepe.hbtech.com.tr/en/publication/isteme-ozgurlugunden-eylem-ozgurlugune-kantin-ozgurluk-gorusu},
  language = {tr},
  keywords = {Kant, pure reason, practical reason, freedom, moral, law, will, action},
  abstract = {The concept of freedom is an important concept imprinted on Kant's practical philosophy. Kant, a philosopher who is passionate about freedom, stipulated freedom as the dominant idea of human species and history, stating that the progress of a society depends on the extent to which freedom in that society has spread and developed. Kant improved his views on this concept by taking freedom as a measure for both his ethical and political views. Kant has placed freedom on the basis of the fields of both ethics and law while classifying the metaphysics of ethics as ethics and law. The concept of freedom in Kant's philosophy has made progress from his moral philosophy towards legal and political philosophy. Kant tried to elucidate how freedom occurs in both ethics and legal fields by considering freedom in relation to the will in the ethical concept and to our actions in the legal field. Kant, who considers freedom in the field of ethics in an internal sense, has devised and based his view of ethical freedom in the context of moral law. Moral law is a law without any exterior force and compulsion, which is made by the individual's own mind, and the individual determining his/her wishes according to this law creates the individual's inner freedom. When it comes to the field of law, freedom is not related to the inner self, but to the behaviour that affects others, that is to say, the external and legal dimension of the actions of the person, and the legal field always comes with an external force. External freedom has to rely on a certain level of coercion, while inner freedom does not have any external constraints. This study, aims at revealing the clarity of Kant's two types of views of freedom and their relation to each other.},
  affiliation = {KIRKLAREL{\.I} {\"U}N{\.I}VERS{\.I}TES{\.I}}
}
.bib

RIS

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Çetinkıran Balcı, Elif
TI  - From Freedom of Will to Freedom of Action: Freedom According to Kant
T2  - Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Letters
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
PY  - 2017
DA  - 2017/06/15/
SP  - 20
EP  - 32
PB  - Hacettepe Üniversitesi
SN  - 1301-5737
DO  - 10.32600/huefd.434145
UR  - https://hacettepe.hbtech.com.tr/en/publication/isteme-ozgurlugunden-eylem-ozgurlugune-kantin-ozgurluk-gorusu
AB  - The concept of freedom is an important concept imprinted on Kant's practical philosophy. Kant, a philosopher who is passionate about freedom, stipulated freedom as the dominant idea of human species and history, stating that the progress of a society depends on the extent to which freedom in that society has spread and developed. Kant improved his views on this concept by taking freedom as a measure for both his ethical and political views. Kant has placed freedom on the basis of the fields of both ethics and law while classifying the metaphysics of ethics as ethics and law. The concept of freedom in Kant's philosophy has made progress from his moral philosophy towards legal and political philosophy. Kant tried to elucidate how freedom occurs in both ethics and legal fields by considering freedom in relation to the will in the ethical concept and to our actions in the legal field. Kant, who considers freedom in the field of ethics in an internal sense, has devised and based his view of ethical freedom in the context of moral law. Moral law is a law without any exterior force and compulsion, which is made by the individual’s own mind, and the individual determining his/her wishes according to this law creates the individual’s inner freedom. When it comes to the field of law, freedom is not related to the inner self, but to the behaviour that affects others, that is to say, the external and legal dimension of the actions of the person, and the legal field always comes with an external force. External freedom has to rely on a certain level of coercion, while inner freedom does not have any external constraints. This study, aims at revealing the clarity of Kant’s two types of views of freedom and their relation to each other.
KW  - Kant
KW  - pure reason
KW  - practical reason
KW  - freedom
KW  - moral
KW  - law
KW  - will
KW  - action
LA  - tr
AD  - KIRKLARELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ
ER  -
.ris